Moscow, the capital of Russia, is not only the country’s political center but also its cultural and spiritual soul. Walking through the city feels like stepping into different chapters of history—one moment you’re admiring the colorful domes of a 16th-century cathedral, the next you’re standing before glass skyscrapers that reflect modern Russia.
What makes Moscow truly unique is its ability to combine centuries of tradition with the vibrancy of a modern metropolis. From the cobblestones of Red Square to the glittering skyline of Moscow City, the city offers an unforgettable journey for every traveler. If you’re visiting Moscow for the first time, here’s a detailed guide to the must-see landmarks, complete with history, practical details, and insider tips.
1. Red Square – The Living History of Moscow
Red Square (Krasnaya Ploshchad) has been the stage of Russia’s most important events for over 500 years. The name “red” in Old Russian originally meant “beautiful,” and this square lives up to the name with its breathtaking architectural ensemble. Standing here, you can witness layers of Russian history—Tsarist proclamations, Soviet parades, and modern-day festivals all unfolded on this very ground.
Surrounded by landmarks such as the State Historical Museum, Lenin’s Mausoleum, and the elegant GUM Department Store, the square is like an open-air museum. Each building tells a different story: from Russia’s imperial past to Soviet-era symbolism and the luxury of today. It’s no surprise that Red Square is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and the starting point of most Moscow adventures.
📍 Address: Red Square, Moscow
🚇 How to Get There: Okhotny Ryad, Teatralnaya, or Ploshchad Revolyutsii Metro Stations
🕙 Best Time to Visit: Early morning for peaceful exploration; evening for spectacular lighting.
👉 Travel Tip: Plan at least 2–3 hours to explore Red Square and its surrounding attractions in detail.
2. The Kremlin – A Fortress of Power and Art
The Moscow Kremlin is not just a fortress—it is the very symbol of Russian statehood. With walls dating back to the late 15th century, the Kremlin has been the residence of tsars, Soviet leaders, and today the Russian president. Its 20 towers, red-brick walls, and golden-domed cathedrals create a striking contrast between military strength and religious devotion.
Inside, you can explore the Cathedral Square, where coronations and royal ceremonies were once held, admire the priceless treasures of the Armoury Chamber, and climb the Ivan the Great Bell Tower for panoramic city views. Visitors are often impressed by the Tsar Bell and Tsar Cannon, monumental artifacts that symbolize Russia’s grandeur. The Kremlin is not just history—it’s a living, breathing part of Russian culture.
📍 Address: Kremlin, Moscow
🚇 How to Get There: Biblioteka Imeni Lenina, Borovitskaya, or Aleksandrovsky Sad Metro Stations
🎟 Tickets: General entry ~1,000 RUB; Armoury Chamber ~1,500 RUB (book online)
🕙 Hours: 10:00 – 17:00, closed Thursdays
👉 Travel Tip: Opt for a guided tour to understand the political and cultural importance of this fortress.
3. Saint Basil’s Cathedral – A Fairytale in Stone
Commissioned by Ivan the Terrible in the 16th century, Saint Basil’s Cathedral remains Moscow’s most photographed landmark. With its candy-colored onion domes and intricate details, it resembles something from a fairytale. It was built to commemorate Russia’s victory over the Tatars and has since become a cultural symbol of the country.
Unlike typical cathedrals, Saint Basil’s is a collection of nine chapels connected by narrow passageways, each decorated with frescoes and icons. The experience inside is intimate and spiritual, with walls covered in centuries-old artwork. Outside, the cathedral’s striking design makes it a favorite subject for photographers, especially at sunset when the domes glow against the evening sky.
📍 Address: Red Square, Moscow
🚇 How to Get There: Same as Red Square
🎟 Tickets: ~1,000 RUB; free for children under 16
🕙 Hours: 11:00 – 18:00 (shorter in winter)
👉 Insider Tip: The best photo spot is from the raised platform near the cathedral’s entrance, especially at dusk.
4. Bolshoi Theatre – The Stage of Legends
The Bolshoi Theatre is one of the most prestigious cultural institutions in the world. Opened in 1825, it has hosted countless legendary productions, from Swan Lake to The Nutcracker. Its neoclassical exterior, adorned with Corinthian columns, hints at the grandeur inside, while the interior dazzles with red velvet seats, a massive chandelier, and gold leaf detailing.
For art lovers, attending a performance here is a once-in-a-lifetime experience. Even if ballet or opera is not your passion, the Bolshoi’s history and design make it worth visiting. Located just a short walk from Red Square, it’s an easy addition to your itinerary. If you cannot secure tickets, backstage tours provide fascinating insights into the theatre’s history and operations.
📍 Address: Theatre Square, 1, Moscow
🚇 How to Get There: Teatralnaya Metro Station
🎟 Tickets: 2,000–15,000 RUB depending on performance; book well in advance
👉 Travel Tip: Dress smartly for evening performances—it’s part of the Moscow theatre tradition.
5. Moscow Metro – Underground Palaces of the People
The Moscow Metro, opened in 1935, is more than just transportation—it’s one of the world’s most beautiful subway systems. Conceived as “palaces for the people,” its stations are decorated with chandeliers, mosaics, marble, and bronze statues. Each station is like a mini museum, reflecting Soviet ideals of art, history, and progress.
Among the most remarkable stations are Komsomolskaya, with mosaics of Russian leaders, Mayakovskaya, showcasing Art Deco designs with aviation themes, and Ploshchad Revolyutsii, famous for its bronze sculptures. Taking a metro ride in Moscow is both practical and cultural—it connects you across the city while offering a unique artistic experience underground.
📍 Address: Moscow, citywide
🎟 Tickets: Single ride 70 RUB; Troika card recommended for convenience
🕙 Hours: 5:30 – 1:00
👉 Travel Tip: Plan a short “Metro Tour” to explore the most iconic stations—you’ll see why the metro is often called an underground museum.
6. Moscow City Towers – Skyscrapers and Skyline Views
For a look into Moscow’s modern face, head to the Moscow International Business Center, popularly known as Moscow City. Its futuristic skyscrapers rise above the Moskva River, symbolizing Russia’s growing global ambitions. Built in the 21st century, this district contrasts sharply with the historic Kremlin and Red Square.
Highlights include the Federation Tower, which has one of Europe’s highest observation decks, and the OKO Tower, home to rooftop restaurants with breathtaking views. The Afimall City Mall adds a luxury shopping experience, while evening visits reward you with dazzling city lights reflected in the glass towers. For photographers, the nearby bridge across the river provides one of the best skyline shots in Moscow.
📍 Address: Presnenskaya Naberezhnaya, Moscow
🚇 How to Get There: Delovoy Tsentr Metro Station
👉 Travel Tip: Sunset is the perfect time to visit—enjoy cocktails at a rooftop bar while watching Moscow transform from day to night.
Final Thoughts
Moscow is a city of contrasts, where imperial cathedrals meet Soviet monuments and futuristic towers. Exploring its landmarks means not only admiring architecture but also experiencing the story of a nation that has reinvented itself many times.
Whether it’s your first or fifth visit, Moscow’s treasures—from Red Square to Moscow City—will leave you with memories to last a lifetime.
Want to Explore Further? 👉 Head Back to the Moscow Travel Guide